BALLICA CAVE
Ballıca Cave is one of the largest and most magnificent caves in the world, with 8 halls opened to visitors, 680 m long and 95 m high. This natural wonder continues to preserve its mystery with its yet-to-be visited and undiscovered sections.
Watching the formations in the Ballıca Cave is like visiting a natural museum. The Ballıca Cave, whose age is approximately 3.4 million years, is of international importance with its unique Onion Stalactites as well as having all the cave formations identified so far. Wandering around the sections of the cave that is open to visitors is like going on a mysterious journey that amazes and thrills at every step.
Ballıca Cave is located in the Ballıca Village of Pazar district, 26 km southwest of Tokat, at an altitude of 1,085 meters above sea level. The 8 km road that reaches Ballıca Cave from Pazar district passes by a Seljuk Period bridge that connects to the King's Road. Mahperi Sultan Caravanserai, whose construction was dated in 1238 and restoration works started in 2006, is also located on the road to the Cave.
The research and mapping studies that started in 1987 were followed by the walkways and lighting studies carried out in 1995. Ballıca Cave is made up of crystallized limestones and 8 halls can be visited in the sections opened to visitors. With an average temperature of 18 ° C and average humidity of 54%, the oxygen-rich air of the cave facilitates breathing.
Pool Hall
The high temperature (20 ° C) and low humidity in the Pool Hall located just behind the entrance weakened the bond between calcite crystals forming the dripstones and made it look lamellate. There is a rectangular structure created using mortar in the Pool Hall. The mortared structure indicates that the cave was used in the past.
Great Stalactites Hall
The Pool Hall opens to the Great Hall of Stalactites, which is the largest area of the cave, after a narrow passage consisting of columns and stalactites. The columns formed along the broken lines show a linear structure. The small pools in the hall are covered with cave pearls. The room has high humidity and 4 times more oxygen than open air. Giant stalactites and stalagmites and the red, yellow, green, and blue colors followed to create a magnificent appearance. From this magnificent hall, the walking path leading in the north and northeast direction leads to the Muddy Hall, the Fossil Hall, and the Bat Hall.
Muddy Hall
The hall, which is reached by a horizontal passage, consists of blocks, stalactites, stalagmites and small pools.
Fossil Hall
The temperature reaches up to 24 ° C in the hall located at the top point of the cave. In this hall, which is one of the oldest halls of the cave, the absolute humidity is 40%.
Bat Hall
It is not possible to descend to Bat Hall, the habitat of Dwarf Bats, without using a rope. Its length is 25-35 m and its width is 8-20 m. It is one of the young halls of the cave with its developing stalactites, cave roses, cave needles and dripstone pool.
Collapse Hall
It is connected to the gallery, also called the Magnificent Gallery, located in the North-South direction. The hall takes its name from the large blocks on its floor. Deep wells between the blocks are connected to the lower floors of the cave. The boundaries of calcite formations 3 m above the ceiling indicate the past level of groundwater.
Columns Hall
After the Collapse Hall and Blocky Cellar, the Columns Hall is reached by a bridge. The largest column of the cave, 18 m long and 8 m in diameter is located in this hall. The ceiling height of the hall, which gives the appearance of a large gallery divided into rooms by columns, reaches 15 meters in places.
The north side of the walking path, which is divided into two, reaches the Mushroom Hall and the south reaches the New Hall.
Mushroom Hall
Large onion stalactites and mushroom-shaped stalagmites that give the hall its name create an impressive image. The most beautiful examples of drip stalactites are in this hall.
New Hall
In addition to the large stalactites, stalagmites and pools in the New Hall, the youngest hall of the cave, leaf, curtain and leek formations create fascinating images. Towards the end of the hall, there is the siphon where the cave water flows into the lake, which is 65 m deep. In the last section of the cave that can be visited, there are young onion stalactites that amaze with their colors and formations.